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11. Turcos Centro-Asiáticos. 550 d.C. – 1330 d.C. (en construcción)

Iniciado por juanbususto, 30 mar 2011, 08:53

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This list covers Central Asian Turkish armies from the emergence ofthe '~flginaI" Turks until the final demise of the Turfan Uighur state
Some contemporary depictions show lamellar-armoured cavalry with bow, sword, slung shield, and no lance or horse barding. Others show
lances and/or horse harding. Chinese and Byzantine sources describe Turks armed with both lance and bow Some Turkish ghulams are
noted as charging with mace, then switching to sword for pursuit. We therefore allow grading of any proportion of the noble cavalry as Cv
(0) (with bow but not lance or harding), or Cv (S) (with bow and lance and/or harding). The 66k Turks (T'u-chneh to the Chinese) rebelled
against the Juan-juan in 551 and established a vast empire in touch with Byzantiuni, Sassanid Persia and China About 582 they split into
eastern and western khanates The Western Turkish khanate broke up in a revolt of the Qarluqs in 630, but was re-established under the
Targesh tribe, who fought against the Arabs in Transoxiana in the 8th century. The Eastern Turks submitted to the Chinese in 630 Thcir
khanate was restored about 680) but was desfroyed by a reynlt of the Uighurs, Qarluqs and Basmils in 744 The uighurs then mled Mongolia
until overthrown by the Kirghiz in 540, then set up anew state in Turfan in the Tarim basin about 860 (plus a smaller state at Kan-chou in
Kansu that fell to the ilsi-ilsia in 1028). Tie Turfan Uighurs became tributary to the Qara-Khitai in 1130 and to the Mongols in 1209, finally
disappearing in 1330 afier being disputed between the Yuan and their Central Asian Mongol nvals The 10,000 Uighurs who served with the
Mongol invasion of Khwarizni were mostly infantry. The Kirghiz controlled Mongolia from 840 until driven out by the Kl~itan in 920, then
remained in their southern Siberian homeland until they submiffed to the Mongols ii 1207. The Toquz Oghuz, "nine tribes" (called Ghuz, by
the Arabs) Ouzo by the Byzantines, and Torki by the Russians) migrated into the Central Asian steppe circa 780, chasing the Pechenegs
westward. Under pressure from the Kimaks and Kipchaks, some Oghuz groups led by the Seljuq clan pushed into Iran after 1000 (becoming
know" as Turkomars) while others moved into the south Russian steppe. The Qarakhanids "Black IChans" were a dynasty of the Qarluq or
associated Yaghma Turks who conquered Transoxiana from the sannanids in 999 AD, but later split into two states, one in Bukhara and
Sannarkand, the other in Kasligar. The Sannarkand line became vassals of the Sehuels in 1073, and both hecarne vassals cfthe Qara-Khitai
in 1130. The Saniarkand branch defected to Khwarizm in 207 and were deposed in 1212. The Qarakhanids employed a core ofghulann slave
troops; Kumaji from the mountains north of the upper Oxus were used against the Ghaznavids in the 1040s; and the Sannarkand branch
about 1130 bneily employed 16,000 Ichitan mercenaries, who soon defected to the rising Qara-IChita state. sogdian allies in 704 - 730 can
include up to 4 elements of Persian exiles. Utigurs cannot be used with Sogdians.

Fuente: DBM Army List Book 3.